As a necessary disposable protective clothing during surgery, surgical gowns are used to reduce the risk of medical staff contacting with pathogenic microorganisms, and at the same time, it can also reduce the risk of pathogenic microorganisms spreading between medical staff and patients. It is a safe barrier for the sterile area during surgery. The American Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) divides the protective performance of surgical gown materials into four levels, and their applications are as follows:

Level 1: It is used for liquid exposure, spraying and splashing with the lowest risk, and the surgical gown is the least stressed, such as eye surgery, breast tumor resection, skin biopsy and other operations or operations.

Level 2: It is used for a small amount of liquid exposure, low risk of jetting and splashing, and low pressure on the surgical gown, such as hernia repair, tonsil surgery and angiography and other similar operations. This level of surgical gown must pass an anti-penetration waterproof test and a hydrostatic pressure test.

Level 3: Surgical gowns are used for moderate liquid exposure, medium jet and sputtering risks, and has high pressure on the surgical gown, such as shoulder arthroscopy, prostatectomy and mastectomy and other similar operations. This level of surgical gown has higher index requirements for water seepage and hydrostatic pressure test.

Level 4: It is used for large amount of liquid exposure, high risk of spraying and splashing, and high pressure on the surgical gown, such as hip replacement, cesarean section, cardiovascular surgery, and all surgeons' hands that will enter the patient’s body. This level requires that the surgical gown must pass both blood and virus leakage tests.